How to arrange the lighting in the studio? Analysis of Studio Lighting Design Techniques

When making lighting arrangements for television stations and primary and secondary school studios, in addition to meeting the requirements of the entire studio video shooting, it is also necessary to consider how to coordinate with the host for lighting design. The host's skin color, clothing, etc. will affect the placement of studio lighting fixtures and the adjustment of light brightness. Below, the editor will teach you how to design and set up studio lighting.

The layout of studio lighting first needs to determine the area of the studio. Generally speaking, studios with an area of over 300 square meters are large studios, studios with an area between 100-300 square meters are medium-sized studios, and studios with an area of less than 100 square meters are small studios. For example, a typical school studio usually has an area of around 30-60 square meters; Secondly, lighting techniques should be selected based on the type of studio, such as virtual studio, live studio, interview studio, panoramic studio, etc., each with different lighting configuration methods. But the principle followed by studio fill lighting is to distribute light in all directions without any false light to ensure the shooting effect.

Three point lighting

Three point lighting, namely using main light, backlight, and auxiliary light (such as slapping), to express the theme.

Multi principal light distribution

Multi primary light distribution can display the main light source at various positions of the camera.

Soft front light

Soft front lighting enhances the effect of backlighting, making the illumination of the entire performance area more uniform.

Side main light

Using side main light, hard light from both sides of the background is provided to provide side main light and side backlight, while auxiliary light comes from the front of the background.

Overall lighting, first apply basic lighting (referred to as universal illumination in television, which is 800-1500lx) to ensure that the camera's color can be basically reproduced, and then use three-point lighting (multiple main lights, multiple backlights, and multiple auxiliary lights). The illuminance of multiple main lights should be consistent, including backlighting and auxiliary lights. Similarly, the color tone of the image captured by the camera at the designated location should be basically consistent.

Layered lighting, also known as zone lighting, is used for music and dance programs in the studio.

This lighting method can enhance the subject and perspective. Layered lighting can be divided into front area, middle area, and back area, and the illumination of these three areas is different. The illumination of the front area should be between 2000-2500lx, the illumination of the middle area should be between 1500-2000lx, the illumination of the back area should be between 800-1000lx, and the illumination of the skylight should be between 600-800lx. The purpose of zone lighting is to give people a sense of hierarchy and three dimensionality.

Indoor daytime scene lighting

Indoor daytime scene lighting should use strong light to project the shadow of the window into the room, replacing the effect of sunlight. The direction of the main light should be consistent with the direction of sunlight to make the picture more realistic. The position of the auxiliary light should be at a 70 ° angle to the camera, which can eliminate the person's excessively long nose shadow. LED film and television flat panel lights should be used for scenery lighting, with soft and uniform light to present the scenery in a layered manner.

Indoor night scene lighting

Indoor night lighting usually uses chandeliers to illuminate the entire room, desk lamps to illuminate the desk, and wall lamps to illuminate a part of the room. These types of lights are beneficial for expressing the lighting effect of the environment and also for portraying characters. The technique that can express the atmosphere of indoor night scenes is to turn on and off the lights, and the audience is sensitive enough to know it's night. To deal with the light when turning on and off the lights, first lay out the light when the lights are turned off, and then lay out the light when the lights are turned on. The light when turning off the lights is darker than when they are turned on, creating darkness indoors but allowing people to see the contours.

1. Avoid flat front lighting and use more side or back lighting. As long as the light source is next to or behind the camera, it is likely to produce flat, non stereoscopic lighting. Because improper use of frontal flat light can lead to logical errors in the projection environment, resulting in inconsistency between the actual light source and the virtual light source; In addition, the secondary projection generated by the main light source on the blue box can also affect the image processing of the computer.

2. Using techniques such as backlighting, strong spotlight, and background ambient light to separate the host from the background, emphasizing the host's image and creating a three-dimensional image effect. The reasonable use of backlighting can effectively reflect the relationship between people and the scene, thereby enhancing depth perception and enhancing the three-dimensional effect.

3. Please pay attention to shadows and use them to create contrast, depth, shape scenes, and emotions. Don't be afraid of shadows, some photographers may say '... lights that are not turned on are just as important as those that are already turned on'.

4. Using lighting and exposure to establish the overall tone of the scene - this must take into account the reflection coefficient of the scene and the intensity of the lighting. Different intensities of light can render different atmospheres, for example: light with a color temperature of 3200K is warm white light, rendering a warm atmosphere; Light with a color temperature of 5600K is white light, which creates a serious atmosphere.

5. Whenever possible, try to highlight the characters from the backcourt. Can highlight the characteristics of characters and enhance their three-dimensional sense.

6. In appropriate situations, use light blocking boards, cookie pads, and other techniques to add texture to your lighting.

7. For installation methods, if the studio floor height is between 3.3 and 5 meters, track installation method is used. If the floor height is below 2.5 to 3.3 meters, grape trellis and fixed hanging installation method can be used.